云南省近五年高考英语语法填空真题及答案详解

(2021年全国甲卷)

The XI'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It_41_(build) originally to protect the city_42_ the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).It is possible_43_(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers.
We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City Wall.
After_44_(spend) some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what_45_(good)than to ride on a piece of history!
We_46_(hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky_47_did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all_48__ way around the Xian City Wall.Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and_49_(watchtower) to fake pictures or just to watch the local people going about their_50__(day)routines.

【答案】

41. was built
42. in
43. to walk

44. spending

45. better

46. hired

47.but

48.the
49,watchtowers

50. daily

【解析】
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了作者游览西安长城的活动。

【41题】考查被动语态。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知，空格处为谓语，动词build和主语之间是被动关系，应用被动语态(be done)，根据句意和时间状语the Tangdynasty可知，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，主语It为第三人称单数，主谓一致，故 was built。

【42题】考查介词。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的，现在已经完全修复了。根据句意可知，表示“在某个朝代”应用介词in。故填in

【43题】考查动词不定式。句意:在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it+be+ad+to do sth” it为形式主语，动词 walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。

【44题】考查动名词。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处After为介词，故spend应用其动名词形式作介词宾语。故填spending。

【45题】考查形容词比较级。句意:在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。根据后文比较连(介)词than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级。故填better。

【46题】考查时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。

【47题】考查连词。句意:我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。

【48题】考查冠词。句意:我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直;完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。

【49题】考查名词复数。句意:据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。根据句意以及前文形容词different可知，此处可数名词watchtower是复数概念，应用其复数形式。故填watchtowers。

【50题】考查形容词。句意：据说你可以在两个小时内完成，但我们在不同的大门和了望台停下来拍照，或者只是看当地人进行他们的日常生活。修饰后文名词routines应用day的形容词daily，作定语，修饰名词。故填daily。

(2020-新课标IIl)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In ancient China lived an artist._61_paintings were almost lifelike. The artist's reputation had made him proud. One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait(画像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their_62_(fine) work so that he could choose the best. The artist was sure he would_63_(choose),but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River~perhaps he could learn a little from the greatest artist in the world.
Filled with_64_(curious),the artist packed his bags and left._65__he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary(传奇的)artist,they smilled and__66_(point)down the river. The next morning he hired a boat and set out__67_(find) the well-known painter. As the small boat moved,_68_(gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. He passed milky white waterfalls and mountains in many shades of blue. And when he saw the mists rising from the river and the soft clouds_69__(surround) the mountain tops, he was reduced to tears. The artist was finally humbled(谦卑) by the greatest artist__7_earth, Mother Nature.

【答案】

61.whose

62. finest

63. be chosen

64. curiosity

65. When/As
66. pointed

67.to find

68.gently

69. surrounding

70.on

【解析】这是一篇记叙文，主要记叙了一位画家画画栩栩如生，有一天他将画送给宰相时，这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行--也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺术家那里学到一些东西。画家最后发现这位世界上最伟大的艺术家就是大自然母亲。

61.考查定语从句。句意:中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。

62.考查最高级。句意:一天，皇帝想让人给他画一幅肖像，于是他把所有伟大的画家都请来，展示他们最好的作品，以便他挑选最好的。结合句意，皇帝想要画家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此处应用形容词最高级finest。故填finest。

63.考查动词语态。句意:画家确信他会被选中，但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时，这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系，且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。

64.考查名词。句意:怀着好奇心，艺术家收拾行囊离开了。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。

65.考查连接词。句意:当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当…………时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。

66.考查动词时态。句意:当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。

67.考查非谓语动词。句意:第二天早上，他租了一条船，出发去找这位著名的画家。结合句意表示"出发去做某事"短语为set out to do sth后跟不定式做目的状语。故填to find。

68.考查副词。句意:当小船缓缓地沿着江面移动时，山在水中的倒影使他说不出话来。此处修饰动词 moved应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。

69.考查非谓语动词。句意:当他看到雾气从河上升起，山顶上乌云环绕，他不禁流下了眼泪。分析句子结构可知the soft clouds 69 (surround) the mountaintops是独立主格结构做状语，surround在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填surrounding。

70.考查介词。句意：这位艺术家最终被世界上最伟大的艺术家——大自然母亲所折服。结合句意表示“在世界上”短语为on earth。故填on。

【2019-全国卷lll】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
On our way to the house，it was raining_61_hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take_62__(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.
We were first greeted with the barking by a pack_63_dogs，seven to be exact .They were well trained by their masters_64_ had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared mamy
of their experiences and_65_ (recommend) wonderful places to eat，shop and visit. For breakfast，we were able to eat papaya(木瓜)and other fruits from their trees in the backyard.
When they were free from work，they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting_66 _(compete）to watch，together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many _67_(tradition)stories about Hawaii that were_68_ (huge) popular with tourists. On the last day of our week-long stay，we_69_(invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars，_70_(listen)to musicians and meeting interesting locals.

【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了他们去夏威夷度假途中的经历以及到了主人家后受到的礼遇，主人热情招待他们，还在工作之余带他们参加了很多当地的活动。

61.【解析】考查副词。句意:在我们去那座房子的路上，雨下得如此大以至于我们不能不想还要多久才能到达那里。"so.…that…"意为"如此……以至于…”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。

62.【解析】考查不定式。句中的would提示我们作者还没有到达那座房子，wandering后的句子不缺谓语，此处应填非谓语动词，故填to get。It would take+时间+to do sth

63.【解析】考查介词。"a pack of"意为"一群”。故填of。

64.【解析】考查定语从句。句意:它们被他们的主人训练地很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有经验。先行词为masters(主人)，且从句缺主语。故关系词填who。

65.【解析】考查一般过去时。句意:我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物和参观的地方。"and"前后两个动作"shared”与“recommended”是并列关系，时态一致。故填recommended。

66.【解析】考查名词。由空格前的不定冠词an与空格后的不定式to watch可以确定空格处应该填名词形式。故填competition。

67.【解析】考查形容词。空格修饰名词stories，应用形容词形式，tradition的形容词为traditional，故填traditional。

68.【解析】考查副词。空格处单词修饰形容词popular，应用副词形式，huge的副词为hugely，故填hugely。

69.【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay"可知，句子时态为一般过去时。根据句意:我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会，所以用被动语态。主语为we，故填were invited。

70.【解析】考查分词。本句谓语动词为“were invited”，所以70题空格处动词listen应用非谓语动词形式。听音乐这个动作是由we发出的，所以选用现在分词形式。也可由and前后连接两个并列的结构这一规律解题，and后meeting interesting locals为分词形式，故空格处填listening。

?

【2018·全国卷lll】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I'm not sure___61_ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at__62__top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream. and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the _63_ (loud）of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid_64__(look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel_65_(challenge).
My name is Mireya Mayor. I’m a_66_(science)who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching_67_these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.
When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find_68__(they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal_69__(mean)me no real harm. He was just saying:"I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!"Once his message was delivered,he allowed me__70__ (stay) and watch.

?
61.which/who
【解析】考查宾语从句。句意:我不确定哪一个更害怕，我，还是突然出现的雌性大猩猩。此处为宾语从句，空格处表示选择，所以用which表示"哪一个"。

62. the
【解析】考查冠词。此处为固定短语at the top of，此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。

63. loudest
【解析】考查最高级。根据后面的of all可知，他声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。

64. looking
【解析】考查动词。动词avoid后要加doing，此处表示避免直接看他的眼睛。用looking

65. challenged
【解析】考查非谓语。根据语境可知，此处表示不直视他的眼睛，他就不会感到被挑战性。feel为系动词，表示“被挑战”，用过去分词challenged。

65. scientist
【解析】考查名词。根据语境可知，我是一名科学家。scientist科学家。

67.for
【解析】考查动词短语搭配。search for是固定搭配，表示"寻找"，表示“我"在寻找"我"研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。

68.them
【解析】考查代词。此处做find的宾语，所以用宾格them。

69. meant
【解析】考查谓语动词。分析本句的句子成分可知，本句缺少谓语，再根据总体时态可知要用一般过去时，所以用meant。

70. to stay
【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定短语allow sb to do允许某人做某事，应该用to stay。

【2017·全国卷IIl】
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the
challenge of her new A-level course. But unlike her school friends,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term _61_ (rest). Instead, she is earning ￡6500 a day as_62_ model in New York.
Sarah _63_ (tell) that she could be Britain’s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah,_64_ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants

_65 _(prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her_66_(educate).
She has turned down several_67 _(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree _68_ engineering or architecture.

Sarah says,"My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment，school_69_ (come） first. I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is_ 70_(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model any more."

【文章大意】本文主要介绍了Sarah Thomas在学业和诱人的职业面前所做出的选择，她认为在青少年时期要把学业放在首位。

61. resting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。固定短语:spend time doing sth花费时间做某事。

62.a
【解析】考查冠词model是可数名词，前面没有限定词，而此处泛指“一个"，故填a。

63. was told / has been told
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可判断出谓语动词应该用一般过去时或现在完成时的被动形式，又因主语Sarah是第三人称单数，故填was told / has been told。

64.who
【解析】考查定语从句。非限制性定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为Sarah，指人，要用who。

65. to prove
【解析】考查非谓语动词。want to do sth.想要做某事。

66. education
【解析】考查词形转换。形容词性物主代词后面应该接名词形式。

67. invitations
【解析】考查名词单复数。several修饰可数名词复数形式，故填invitations。

68.in
【解析】考查介词。in表示"在某方面"，获得某项学位 " get a degree in..."。

69. comes
【解析】考查动词。根据语境可知Sarah认为当下应该是学业第一，说明现在的情况应该用一般现在时。

70.certainly
【解析】考查副词。修饰动词应该用副词形式，故填certainly。